Uncovering Ancient Artisanal Secrets: A study of terracotta figurines from Thonis-Heracleion in Egypt

A study of terracotta figurines from Thonis-Heracleion in Egypt reveals diverse artisanal participation, challenging gender assumptions. 

Fingerprint analysis suggests a collaborative process involving men, women, and children, with children likely serving as apprentices. 

The adoption of Greek techniques and the integration of local styles reflect dynamic cultural interactions, while differences between imported and local figurines shed light on social and labor divisions in the ancient city.

Example of a figurine (H20257) from Thonis-Heracleion with close-up of the fingerprints found on the reverse and interior.  Credit: Franck Goddio / Hilti Foundation

Map of the known sanctuaries and major finds at Thonis-Heracleion. Credit: Franck Goddio / IEASM

Key Highlights:

- An archaeological study of terracotta figurines found in Thonis-Heracleion, Egypt, revealed the fingerprints of artisans who worked on them between the 7th and 2nd centuries BCE.

- The analysis showed a diverse group of artisans, including men, women, and children, challenging the assumption that figurine-making was exclusively a male craft.

- The fingerprints indicated a collaborative process, with children likely serving as apprentices under the supervision of adults, suggesting a structured training system within the workshops.

- The study highlighted the cultural impact on the figurines, showing the adoption of Greek techniques integrated with local styles, reflecting the fusion of both cultures.

- The presence of children and women in the workshops suggested a family-based artisanal economy and a more equitable division of labor than previously assumed.

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https://www.labrujulaverde.com/en/2025/01/analysis-of-fingerprints-on-figurines-recovered-in-heracleion-reveals-women-and-children-also-made-them/